Continuing The Handmaid's Tale

As I continue to read The Handmaid's Tale I have some questions about the third and fourth parts of the book:
1. What is the purpose of the phrase “Under his eye” used in chapter 8 in The Handmaid’s Tale?
“’Under is eye’ she says. ‘Under his eye,’ I reply, and she gives a little nod.
To me the eye is the all knowing big brother, the quintessential being in the characters lives. This being decides the rules, and punishes those who do not obey.
2. How do the flashbacks throughout part four help aid readers in understanding Atwood’s tone?
“One day, when she was eleven months old, just before she began to walk, a woman stole her out of a supermarket cart.”
Atwood uses these flashbacks to show readers just how different then and now are. When talking about running away from the police just trying to become a family. These flashbacks help develop a tone of possession with the possession of people, and the need for possession of novelty or ordinary items.
3. What was the use of Moira in developing theme?
“Moira, sitting on the edge of my bed, legs crossed, ankle on the knee, in her purple overalls, one dangly earing, the gold fingernail she wore to be eccentric…”
Moira is the "bad best friend", she is the one who would get in trouble just to get in trouble, and then get you in trouble as well. She is the fun character. She adds to the theme by showing readers how strict the society really is.